
Pain & migraine
How TREK/TRESK K2P assemblies set nociceptor excitability, and how they can be modulated — from a bacterial analgesic toxin to photoswitchable channel inhibitors that control pain in freely moving animals.
Institut de Biologie Valrose · Nice, France
We explore the ion channels that shape neuronal activity — and develop optical tools to understand how they change in disease and control their activity precisely when and where needed, taking advantage of the exceptional spatial resolution provided by a beam of light.

Selected journals
CellNeuronNature CommunicationsPNASEMBO Journal
Principal investigator

CNRS Research Director (DR1)
Biology of Ion Channels · iBV
I am a CNRS Research Director (DR1) and Principal Investigator at the Institut de Biologie Valrose, Université Côte d’Azur (Nice). Back from Berkeley, I built up my lab in Nice thanks to the ATIP-Avenir program. My research combines molecular biology, chemical biology, and biophysics to understand neuronal excitability, ion channel assembly, and signal integration in health and disease, with a particular focus on pain and migraine. I have pioneered light-activated tools for the remote control of pain, analgesia, and muscle activity — work that has led to 60 peer-reviewed publications in leading journals (Cell, Neuron, Nature Communications, EMBO Journal, PNAS) and several patents with translational applications in pain management and biotechnology.
01 / Our research
Two-pore-domain potassium (K2P) channels help set the resting potential and firing threshold of neurons. We study how these molecular gatekeepers work, how they change in disease, and how light can control their activity precisely when and where needed.

How TREK/TRESK K2P assemblies set nociceptor excitability, and how they can be modulated — from a bacterial analgesic toxin to photoswitchable channel inhibitors that control pain in freely moving animals.

TRESK-dependent shunting inhibition and alternative translation initiation as mechanisms linking specific K2P mutations to neuronal hyperexcitability and seizure susceptibility.

Defining native K2P homo- and heteromeric assemblies with single-molecule pulldown, and how auxiliary subunits and lipid signalling reshape channel composition and function.
We study how ion channels shape neuronal excitability, how their dysfunction contributes to disease, and how light can precisely control neuronal activity in space and time.
Molecular discovery · Cell, 2021
KCNE1 bridges two unrelated ion channel superfamilies, inducing a voltage-dependent current in the calcium-activated chloride channel TMEM16A.
Explore the paperTranslational programme · Ionic
The Ionic project extends our ion-channel work toward precise, reversible ways to understand and modulate excitability — connecting the molecular insight from our Cell study on TMEM16A to future applications.
02 / How we work
Optical tools, electrophysiology and single-molecule imaging connect channel mechanisms to neuronal activity and behaviour.




03 / Publications
Our work appears in Cell, Neuron, Nature Communications, PNAS and EMBO Journal, with studies highlighted in journal commentaries and recognized by the scientific community.
60 peer-reviewed publications · Selected articles below
Selected research articles and perspectives, including collaborative work in Cell, Neuron, Nature Communications and PNAS.



EMBO
Nature Communications 17:620

Nature Communications 15(1):65

Nature Communications 14(1):1160

Cell 184(2):534–544

iScience 24(9):102961

Neuron 101(2):232–245 — recommended by F1000, highlighted in Neuron




Current Opinion in Pharmacology 63:102178
Neuroscience Letters 773:136494
Cell Chem Biol 28:1648
The Neuroscientist 27(3):268–284

Neuron 104(5):831–833
Med Sci (Paris) 35:608
Biol Aujourdhui 213:51
Med Sci (Paris) 32:156


Front Mol Neurosci 6:6
Med Sci (Paris) 28:934

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108:2605

Channels (Austin) 5:402

PNAS 106:14628–14633 — Editors' choice, Science Signaling
Methods Mol Biol 491:113


Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:6267
No publications match your search.
See the full list on PubMed
04 / Our people
Our team brings together ion channel biophysics, chemical biology, single-molecule imaging and behaviour at the Institut de Biologie Valrose in Nice.















05 / Peer recognition
Academy awards, competitive research funding and commentary from fellow scientists.
Cell · 2021Our KCNE1 study was accompanied by the commentary Ion channel auxiliary subunit: does one size fit all? by Reuveny & Karbat.
Neuron · 2019Our TRESK and migraine study was highlighted in Neuron and recommended by F1000.
French Academy of Sciences — Subvention Fondation Simone et Cino del Duca 15 Oct 2024
French National Academy of Medicine — Prix Jansen
FRM — “Équipe FRM” Award
ATIP-Avenir grant — founded the Biology of Ion Channels lab
Fulbright Award, USA
Philippe Foundation Fellowship
Prix Jean-Louis Parrot, AFAS06 / Conversations
Selected from 60+ invited seminars and conference talks.



07 / In the media
Hear Guillaume Sandoz discuss the science behind light-induced analgesia, and explore national coverage of the lab’s discoveries.
Franceinfo · vidéo · 19 décembre 2018
Une étude porteuse d’espoirs pour les personnes qui souffrent de migraine.
Regarder la vidéo sur franceinfo ↗France Culture · Avec sciences
19 February 2026 · 5 min · In French
Guillaume Sandoz joins Alexandra Delbot to discuss the discovery of light-induced analgesia and its potential for animal research.
Listen on France CultureLe journal des sciences · France Culture · 14 March 2024
Écouter sur France Culture ↗Les documents franceinfo · Radio France · 2026
Écouter sur franceinfo ↗National Geographic France · numéro de mai 2026 · p. 8
Science et Société, Université Côte d’Azur, 7 Apr 2026
France Culture, Radio France, 19 Feb 2026
Les documents franceinfo, Radio France, 2026
Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, 2026
The Conversation France, Feb 2026
Université Côte d’Azur Newsroom, Feb 2026
La Marseillaise Week-end, 14–15 Feb 2026
Nice-Matin, Nancy Cattan, 2026
CNRS, 26 Jan 2026
Le journal des sciences, France Culture, 14 Mar 2024
Nice-Matin, 22 Jan 2024
Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, 2 Jun 2022
Neuron (Cell Press), Jan 2019
BrainPost, 2 Jan 2019
Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, 20 Jun 2019
Nice-Matin, Jean-Michel Chevalier
Migraine research · Neuron
Press, news agencies and coverage from TV and radio outlets, December 2018–January 2019.


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brightsurf.comYour next chapter
Interested in ion channels, optical tools or neuronal excitability? We welcome motivated scientists who want to contribute to our research in Nice.
Get in touch sandoz@unice.fr